Research on Identification of Diagnostic Biomarker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Proteomic Approach

Sandhya Hora; Savita Mishra; Deepshikha Pande Katare

Sandhya Hora Department of Biotechnology, HIMT Group of Institutions, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India and Proteomic and Translational Research Lab, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Savita Mishra Proteomic and Translational Research Lab, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Deepshikha Pande Katare Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma, cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha, 2D Electrophoresis, MALDI-TOF/MS

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a slow multistep process eventually starts from long-terminflammation to fibrosis and leads to malignancy. These variations cause several genes disrupted that play role many signaling pathways involved in HCC. Early diagnosis and treatment of hepatocarcinogenesis depend on efficient biomarker discovery. To date, only two specific markers of HCC are identified, AFP and AFP-L3, but assessment and validation of these markers are still left in large cohorts of patients. Proteomic approach aids to develop new promising biomarker for diagnosis liver cancer at early stage. In current chapter early stage biomarker (cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha (PKIA)) have been identified using one-dimensional electrophoresis (1DE) and 2DE followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. This chapter alsohypothesized that PKIA is useful for detection of HCC at initial stage.